(四)以委托方名义开具发票代委托方收取的款项。
作為歷史參照,1973年石油危機期間,日本石油消費量下滑約16%,GDP增速隨即從兩位數高位跌至負增長。那時日本對中東石油依存度約為77%,比今天還低近20個百分點。今天,日本依存度更高,儲備體系更成熟,但經濟體量更大,債務更重——抗衝擊的「表面資本」更厚,深層脆弱性卻未必更小。
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Short demo: Use google maps and find a route from Seattle to LA by train.
For much of the last three decades, Europe has played a back-footed role in the digital economy: influential in regulation, strong in research, but rarely the place where globally dominant technology companies are built. The internet era created extraordinary wealth elsewhere. The same holds true for the recent AI wave, mainly driven by online chatbots created by the data-rich Big Tech giants which have grown up in the internet era. Europe, despite its talent and financial strength, became the least competitive of the major digital economies—and the resulting gap in value creation has grown into the trillions.